Nile River

The Nile, stretching approximately 6,650 kilometers (4,130 miles), is the world's longest river, flowing through 11 African countries from south to north. As the lifeline of ancient and modern Egypt, it has nurtured civilizations for millennia with its fertile banks and vital water supply. The river's two main tributaries—the White Nile and Blue Nile—merge in Sudan before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. Supporting agriculture, transportation, and biodiversity, the Nile remains crucial to millions of people. Its historical significance, ecological importance, and majestic presence make it one of Earth's most iconic waterways.